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《明代关西七卫内迁去向和内迁人数探》
　　　　　A Probe on Direction and Figures of Emigration of Seven Guard Stations to the West of Jiayu Pass During the Ming Dynasty
作　　者：程利英
　　　　　程利英(1973 —) , 女, 河南滑县人, 厦门大学人文学院历史系2004 级博士研究生, 研究方向为中国古代经济史。
出　　处：《贵州民族研究》 2005年04期
发表时间：2005-08-01
文　　摘：

由于多种原因,明政府在嘉峪关外设立的七个卫所相继内迁,失去了拱卫西北边疆的作用.在内迁诸卫中,安定、阿端、曲先、罕东无内迁人数统计,沙州卫、赤斤蒙古卫、哈密卫和罕东左卫有内迁人数统计.本文据《明史》、《殊域周咨录》和《边政考》等史料,对明代关西七卫内迁去向和内迁人数进行了探讨.

关键词：明代关西七卫内迁去向内迁人数
正　　文：

关西七卫, 指明朝在嘉峪关外设立的安定、阿端、曲先、罕东、沙州、赤斤蒙古、哈密七卫, 后沙州卫内迁, 在其故地又设罕东左卫。以哈密卫为首的关西七卫是明代边政研究的热点之一, 自上世纪30 年代岑仲勉先生发表《明初曲先、阿端、安定、罕东四卫考 ……

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参考文献：

参考文献:
[1 ] (清) 张廷玉等1 明史, 卷330 , 西域二•安定卫[M] 1 北京: 中华书局, 19741
[2 ] (明) 严从简1 殊域周咨录, 卷12 , 西域二•安定卫[M] 1 北京: 中华书局, 19931
[3 ] (清) 查继佐1 罪惟录, 卷36 , 外国列传•曲先[M] 1 杭州: 浙江古籍出版社, 19861
[4 ] (明) 张　雨1 边政考, 卷9 , 西羌族口•肃州番[M] 1 上海: 上海商务印书馆, 19371
[5 ] (清) 查继佐1 罪惟录, 卷36 , 外国列传•曲先[M] 1 杭州: 浙江古籍出版社, 19861
[6 ] (明) 魏　焕1 皇明九边考, 卷9 , 甘肃镇•边夷考[M] 1 上海: 上海商务印书馆, 19371
[7 ] 桂　萼1 桂文襄公奏疏•进哈密事宜疏•吐鲁番夷情[A ] 1 明经世文编, 卷181 [ Z] 1 北京: 中华书局,
19621
[8 ] (清) 谷应泰1 明史纪事本末, 卷40 , 兴复哈密[M] 1 北京: 中华书局, 19771
(责任编辑: 廖　建)

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Orals, for instance, include that well-known threat to the liver,
so it’s out of the query to make use of them longer. Blood strain and cholesterol will increase are a variety of
the different significant threat components for normal
and high-dose steroid use. Subcutaneous or just
sub-cut injections are where the needle is placed into the pores and skin layers.
It’s a really shallow injection and one that is hardly ever
used for anabolic steroids. Again, there's a risk of abscess formation with this kind of injection if it’s not accomplished appropriately.

The longer withdrawal signs linger, the extra doubtless the abuser’s probabilities of going back to utilizing steroids or turning to other
dangerous medicine simply to alleviate the prolonged unpleasantness.
One Other factor that impacts withdrawal duration is the type(s)
of anabolic steroid as a end result of some
steroids stay in the system longer than others.
Relying on the half-life of the steroids taken, withdrawal signs may not even begin for several days following the last dose.
The gender breakdown of therapy admissions for heroin was 63.7% male and 36.3% female.

Relying on how the steroids are used, this can vary from relatively small modifications to the development of maximum masculine traits.
So, although it’s not common, some feminine athletes and
bodybuilders do choose to make use of steroids for performance-enhancing advantages.
When undertaken rigorously, these girls can obtain significant benefits while carefully controlling the unwanted effects.
This means you’ll use fast-acting compounds – either orals or short-ester injectables.
Some AAS users self-medicate with phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors corresponding
to sildenafil to counteract erectile dysfunction (65).

The researchers discovered ranges returned to regular about four months
after participants stopped taking them. The
potential for important hepatotoxicity from Winstrol necessitates relatively temporary cycles to stop extreme liver
damage. Winstrol, when stacked with additional oral steroids, increases the
risk of jaundice or liver cholestasis (impaired bile flow).

Trenbolone is understood to considerably reduce fat mass whereas facilitating muscle progress.
Some bodybuilders also employ trenbolone as a chopping steroid to speed up fat loss while sustaining muscle on fewer calories.
Anavar and testosterone are widely regarded as the
least harmful anabolic steroids regarding ldl cholesterol.
In our experience, the cardiovascular pressure of Anavar is marginally greater than that of testosterone.

In this case a lack of libido as a result
of testosterone deficiency normally underlies the erectile dysfunction. The mechanism for this is unclear, but, provided
that estradiol, independently of testosterone,
also performs a job in regulating erectile operate (194), it'd
contain an imbalance between androgenic and estrogenic action. Erectile dysfunction may also be a consequence
of psychological factors, as libido may rise sharply in an AAS user during the cycle and sometimes hinder a healthy and mutual sexual relationship.
Abuse of anabolic steroids, nevertheless, can lead to vital hurt to the
physique. In horses, for instance, anabolic
steroids can cause liver harm and weakening of the tendons and can outcome in decreased testis
measurement and sperm production in stallions and altered reproductive
cycling in mares. Anabolic steroids are commonly abused by human athletes to build muscle and enhance power.

There’s no one-size-fits-all method, so what works
for the next man won't be best for you in any respect.
Zits comes about because of elevated exercise of the oil-producing sebaceous glands
due to the androgen effects of some steroids. One research found that over 40% of steroid customers skilled
acne, particularly on the face and back.
These can range greatly from person to person, as some people
can be very delicate to this. You will after all feel very down as a result of deficit and cardio, however suck it up.
At least the Masteron will enhance your libido like you’re 14 again and also you just
found Angelina Jolie. If you’re in search of validation to run this
compound you just are not prepared for its results.

Night Time sweats, anxiousness, melancholy, extreme aggression, huge toxicity, feeling unwell,
Tren-dick, and lastly it might possibly make life less pleasant.

It binds to serotonin receptors in your brain, thus issues that often make you cheerful, just don’t.
It will seemingly break the legislation of physics, as you lose
fats and acquire muscle on the identical time.
This has significant advantages but additionally offers you some sense of invincibility, however again, most
users are nonetheless best advised to stick with commonplace rep
ranges for damage avoidance. Some steroids, like Deca, are distinctive
at serving to heal harm and building cartilage, however no
compound will make you indestructible or immune to new accidents.
Steroid stacks mix two or extra compounds so you'll find a way to mix their benefits and obtain larger outcomes than utilizing only one compound alone.
Newbie stacks could be easy, while superior customers can easily combine three
or extra compounds in a cycle. This is a 10-week cycle; however (very important) – Anadrol ought to only be used for the first three weeks!

If you’re a male in your late teens and early 20s who remains to be
bodily growing, you could have the next risk of adverse unwanted effects like acne and scarring,
stunted growth, stretch marks, and aged pores and skin. It’s not unusual for intermediate and even some beginner steroid customers
to assume they’re ready to leap into a complicated cycle just because there are
a few steroid cycles underneath the belt. This is a potentially grave mistake, though – the final thing you need to be doing is speeding into advanced steroid use when you’re gentle
on expertise. Regardless Of the doubtless very powerful advantages,
Halotestin isn't a really broadly used steroid,
and this is primarily due to its in depth unwanted effects.
Nonetheless, androgenic effects are attainable in males,
and the robust androgenic nature of this steroid makes
it unsuitable to be used by females. Aggression is an actual
concern with this steroid, so for those men who tend to have a short fuse, this is a steroid to keep
away from altogether.
To mitigate side effects and keep away from building a tolerance, customers typically
cycle anabolic steroids on and off in 6-18 week timeframes.
Multiple of those different anabolic steroids are sometimes
combined and used at the similar time, known as stacking
(de Ronde & Smit, 2020). Anabolic steroids are most commonly taken by injection into the muscle, orally
with drugs, or as topical lotions or gels (National
Health Service, 2022).

References:

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But not simply one thousand energy of anything; clearly, you will need to give consideration to how much protein you’re taking and
the quality of that protein. Protein intake ought to be round 1mg per 1 pound
of physique weight as a information, however hardcore guys will usually double
that. Each man could have a unique bulking objective, ranging
from wanting comparatively mild positive aspects to maximum mass features using the most potent compounds.

Long-term dietary supplementation with an antioxidant combination together
with NAC normalizes aging-induced oxidative stress, cortical β-secretase and NEP exercise, and Aβ42 levels, and also has been proven to enhance spatial memory (Sinha et al.,
2010, 2016). NAC attenuates excess oxidative stress-induced PP2A inhibition (Chen et al., 2008; Raghuraman et al., 2009) and inhibits Zn2+ activation of GSK3β and tau
hyperphosphorylation (Kwon et al., 2015). NAC also converts
TTR into its native state (Henze et al., 2013), which might enhance its Aβ-complexing/elimination capability.
Thus, other antioxidants could also be much more effective than NAC, corresponding to activators of the
master antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2, which as noted above is downregulated by abnormal sex-Safe Steroid Alternatives for Women’s Training levels, excess oxidative stress, excessive GSK3β activity, and during
aging (see part 6.3). Nrf2 activators broadly attenuate many various
sources of oxidative stress including superoxide
anion and H2O2 by growing actions of hundreds of antioxidant and detoxifying proteins (Hybertson et al., 2011; Gorrini et al., 2013;
Ma, 2013; Cuadrado et al., 2018).
When gonadal operate was regular before an AAS cycle, there was a 90% likelihood of getting
normal testosterone ranges three months after cessation and a one
hundred pc probability at the finish of follow-up (1 12 months after the start of the cycle).
At the group stage, imply testosterone levels returned to baseline 3 months after
cessation. Importantly, 37% of the subjects had signs of irregular gonadal operate at baseline of
which 95% had a historical past of AAS use. This might be defined by incomplete
restoration of the HPGA because of current AAS use or prolonged or persistent hypogonadism
from previous use. A case-control study also suggests
that AAS use leads to a persistent small reduction in testosterone levels
(177). Nevertheless, latest or present unreported AAS use, reverse causality and
other elements inherent to a case-control research design make it troublesome to
determine a true cause-and-effect relationship.

Sixty-two p.c provided postcycle restoration info; nevertheless, only 12.5% of the websites offered data or recommendations for non-AAS options.

One of the eight websites (12.5%), anabolics.com, supplied non-AAS dietary supplements
and did not offer any type of testosterone, synthetic AAS, or ED medicines.
Nonetheless, every of their supplements was named synonymously with the
well-known artificial AAS agent for which their supplement mimicked.
A representative example is D-ANABOL 25 composed of rhodiola root powder, fenugreek seed
extract, cyanotis vaga extract, inosine, and
clary sage leaf extract, allowing categorization as a natural complement by the USFDA.
But the displayed product description of anticipated results using D-ANABOL 25 is nearly equivalent to the outcomes described with
using Dianabol, a broadly used artificial AAS, in accordance with several forums on the steroid.com website.

It may help scale back joint ache, an issue we frequently
cope with when turning into extra lean during slicing.

Moreover, due to possible issues with prolactin being elevated,
which can eliminate the libido, a prolactin antagonist is commonly beneficial for use with Tren to
assist preserve the intercourse drive. If you’re going to run a
Trenbolone cycle, check out my complete Trenbolone Acetate cycle information. For the HAARLEM
research, we made a qualitative inventory of the products obtained by our
one hundred research participants (Table 1).
Therapy with comparatively excessive doses of AASs leads to a decrease sperm rely, and sperm motility [84, 86–89].

Each high and low doses of AASs considerably lowered the sperm motility
in comparability with the management group. A Number Of studies reported the relationship between AASs assumption with infertility and carcinogenesis development [90–91].
With regards to the theoretical genotoxic effects on DNA, it ought to be pointed out that AAS results are linked to dosage and
frequency of administration. Therefore abusers abide by strict and managed administration regimens resorting to specific strategies.

In these sports, muscle energy, size, and power directly relate to
total efficiency. In competitive sports activities,
steroid dosing tends to be pretty conservative to keep away from detection. Muscle mass is not the primary concern right here, as they’re used extra for restoration and elevated energy output (6, 7).

Athletes using AAS can experience strength gains of 5–20% and weight features of four.5–11 kilos (2–5 kg), which may be as a outcome of a rise in lean body
mass (5).
Testosterone, and a select few different AAS such as nandrolone and oxandrolone, may
additionally be prescribed for different medical
conditions (e.g., osteoporosis or aplastic anemia). Besides this legitimate medical use, AAS are extensively used – or rather, abused – for their muscle-building and strength-increasing properties in dosages far
exceeding those used therapeutically. For brevity,
within the the rest of this evaluation we employ
the term ‘AAS use’ to refer to the nonmedical high-dose abuse of AAS.
Supraphysiologic dosages of AASs have been primarily used
for efficiency enhancement in athletes and for a muscular appearance in physique builders and nonelite
athletes (3, 9).
This relatively simple synthetic step hides the considering that in all probability lay behind the design of THG.
Given the close homology of their receptors, there is an overlap between the
activity of progestogens and androgens, particularly those xenobiotic steroids that
lack the C-19 methyl group, but which exercise predominates is dependent upon whether the alkyl
substituent at carbon-17 is ethynyl or ethyl. Substitution of the 17α-H with an ethynyl group on nandrolone, a 19-nor
anabolic steroid with some progestational activity, will result in a potent orally energetic
progestogen, this being known as norethisterone (norethindrone),
a steroid that's nonetheless utilized in some contraceptives today.
However, substitution with an ethyl group on nandrolone
rather than ethynyl group results in one other anabolic steroid
known as norethandrolone, which also has oral exercise.
Gestrinone, is a pharmaceutically out there progestogen that lacks the C-19 angular methyl group however has a 17α-ethynyl group, and it
follows that reduction of this ethynyl group to
the tetrahydro product should make THG a ‘potent' androgen.

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Furthermore, essentially the most advantageous steroid cycle for a male may
be distinct from that of a female, as ladies are inclined to keep
away from compounds that induce virilization.
The needles often used for steroid injections have a larger gauge, so when you’re
using them very frequently, you'll have the ability to develop scar tissue as well as
should cope with the extra discomfort or ache of these needles.
While this is bearable for most guys if you’re solely injecting as soon as, twice, or even 3 times weekly, something
extra often than that, and you’ll probably be very keen to search out
a neater option.
Roid rage, or modifications in anger and aggression control, can even influence male steroid customers.
Not all males will expertise increased aggressiveness, and research has proven that solely a tiny p.c of them discover
this facet effect. As you will find, though, nearly all anabolic steroid customers will stick to injecting
their gear via the muscle while leaving subcutaneous injections for those additional compounds which might be generally used.
This is among the milder steroids and one which
males will see little benefit in utilizing for muscle positive
aspects, however the potential for ladies is entirely
completely different. Females on Primobolan will
discover its anabolic results wonderful, with spectacular lean positive aspects and decreased
body fats – precise results will depend in your food regimen and exercises.
PCT is used to speed up the restoration of your natural testosterone manufacturing
after it’s been suppressed and even entirely shut down when you use anabolic steroids.

Regardless Of this, we've observed decreased anabolism Frullati proteici in palestra customers who remove Deca Durabolin from
stacks. To put trenbolone’s androgenicity into perspective, its androgen ranking
is 500, which is 5 times higher than that of testosterone.
Trenbolone also can significantly suppress endogenous testosterone levels, leading to male hypogonadism.

Since trenbolone is an injectable steroid, it seldom
compromises the liver like testosterone. Despite its optimistic effects on physique composition, trenbolone is certainly one of the most precarious steroids we've encountered.
Anadrol immediately stimulates estrogen receptors, which might cause noticeable amounts of extracellular fluid retention.
For this reason, folks primarily use Anadrol as an low season bulking steroid.

It should be outlined very first that using Testosterone of any ester kind for TRT permits a a lot
more lenient and lax injection protocol than for the aim of efficiency enhancement.
This is because the general objective of TRT
is that of sustaining regular physiological Testosterone ranges and
correct normal physiological perform. Once the hormone has released from
the injection site into bloodstream circulation, enzymes, as mentioned many instances already, will work to break the ester away from
the hormone. It is essential to notice to the reader that while the hormone remains certain to
the ester, the anabolic steroid hormone is inactive and cannot carry out any of its jobs till the ester has been removed.

The physique must recuperate, which means waiting AT LEAST 8 weeks for a
new cycle. If you keep doing cycles with little time in between, you could completely mess up
your testosterone function for good and end up on TRT eternally.
Starting with testosterone as the one anabolic steroid in your first cycle enables you to begin with
essentially the most important steroid of all, which will take a look at your
body’s tolerance and reaction to steroids in a short time.
After all, when you experience antagonistic effects in a fundamental
testosterone-only cycle, then there's a larger likelihood of adverse reactions
to the numerous other steroids on the market, many of which are derivatives of testosterone.
We must include this as either a main or supportive compound in each steroid cycle as a end result
of the steroids you’re taking send a signal to the testes that
they now not need to supply testosterone. All sensible steroid customers will, without query, embrace this intercourse
hormone in every cycle for this reason alone, on the very least.

Small doses and short cycles are essential for using Halotestin safely.
Even 10mg every day of this oral steroid will present very noticeable benefits.

No more than 40mg daily must be attempted, and cycle lengths of now not than 4
weeks are required due to the high rate of liver toxicity.
Sustanon 250 is a well-liked artificial testosterone androgen-anabolic steroid often medically used as an injection to treat the problem of low testosterone in males.
Bulking, cutting, energy, and performance are the large reasons that anybody makes use of anabolic steroids.
You may need one or more of these targets, however ultimately, what you want to
obtain out of your steroid cycle will determine what you are taking
and the way you are taking them.
The drug can subsequently interact with the cell’s DNA
and stimulate the protein synthesis process that promotes cell development.
Anavar solely produces average will increase in lean mass; hence, why it’s used for cutting.
Its capacity to burn subcutaneous fat is surpassed by few steroids due
to its profound impact on T3 (triiodothyronine) ranges.
Winstrol is mostly utilized in chopping cycles to retain muscle,
promote fats loss, and create a dry or vascular appearance displaying full muscle definition. Despite
not being probably the most ‘powerful’ anabolic steroid, we nonetheless see testosterone producing
impressive positive aspects in measurement and power.

Use with extreme warning, your liver and kidneys will want a giant amount of TLC.
Trenbolone is notorious for its unwanted facet effects, which
we’ll get into later. Steroids you could
probably stack with Tren in an off season are Testosterone,
Anadrol and Deca-Durabolin.
Testosterone Substitute Remedy (TRT) is a medical therapy used to help
men with low testosterone levels. Testosterone is a hormone that performs a critical function within the male body.
It impacts muscle mass, bone density, mood, vitality ranges,
and sexual well being. When the physique does not produce sufficient testosterone,
it might possibly result in varied signs that impact total quality of life.
TRT is designed to restore testosterone levels to
a standard range, improving these signs and serving to men feel higher.

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?̀�ķ?鈤�ǟπ&# -- [未验证] Justine (2025-11-01 04:36:07)

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�̀�ķ�鈤�ǟπ&# -- [未验证] Reece (2025-10-31 19:43:22)

Because of the intimate role of testosterone in erectile perform, erectile dysfunction can develop as a post-cycle aspect effect of AAS use.
Nonetheless, it ought to be stored in mind that erectile dysfunction in an AAS consumer just
isn't essentially the results of AAS use per se and might be a symptom of an underlying psychiatric disorder.
The presence of rigid morning or evening erections, sudden onset, intermittent course
and quick period are a great indication of a psychogenic trigger.
Lack of morning or night erections, a gradual onset, progressive course, or lengthy length
counsel an natural trigger.
Anabolic steroids are natural or synthetic variations of testosterone and they are
sometimes prescribed to deal with hormone deficiencies or
assist some patients acquire weight or muscle mass. However as a end result of
testosterone increases muscle mass, anabolic steroids may be misused by
bodybuilders to assist build muscle, lower physique fat proportion, or achieve energy.
A examine published within the Journal of Urology discovered that males who used
anabolic steroids had considerably lower testosterone levels than those
that did not. Since 2004, producers of prohormones have taken a number of different strategies to maintain their products on the market.
One (illegal) strategy is to use estrogen derivatives (which are not particularly effective at rising muscle mass) and illicitly
add other undeclared anabolic steroids to those.

The Table 1 recapitulates the completely different merchandise
used, their industrial name, their prices and lively agent.

Addressing steroid-induced infertility entails a
proactive strategy to treatment. Understanding the dangers and taking steps
to mitigate them is crucial for these who have used or are contemplating the usage of anabolic steroids.

Testosterone remedy isn't usually employed as a way of bettering fertility; in fact, it might even exacerbate male
infertility points by growing suppression of sperm production. Relying in your situation, you might need kind of anabolic steroid use to restore male fertility.
While AAS use for performance enhancement isn't a new phenomenon,
it has detrimental influence on male fertility parameters similar to decreased
gonadotropin ranges and sperm focus. Our systematic evaluate and
meta-analysis contribute to this evolving narrative, urging each
the medical community and the public to contemplate the multifaceted implications
of AAS use.
Nonetheless, there are some considerations relating to the relationship between exercise dietary supplements those designed for helping build muscle, and male fertility.
The most typical unwanted effects of steroid use that occurs in girls should do with a decrease in female aspects and the appearance of
male characteristics. Dealing with the reproductive penalties of
steroids may be overwhelming and disheartening, especially for those who are passionate
about bodybuilding. But step one to overcoming that feeling is knowing how to shield your reproductive health.
Absolutely, and pure dietary supplements
play a task on this context, highlighting the necessity for careful consideration of all substances getting used.
It’s essential to analysis and perceive the potential unwanted
side effects of any supplement. In addition to reducing sperm counts, steroid abuse can actually make the testicles shrink.

Along with fertility, there are additionally different main areas users of anabolic steroids might expertise.
Whereas many of these side effects could additionally be reversed
after cessation of steroid use, there are some cases the place permanent harm
may be carried out. In these circumstances of misuse, people are often aware of the dangers,
and experiment with "cycling," "stacking," or "pyramiding" administration strategies to try to bypass
side-effects.
These research of potential androgen-based male hormone contraceptives have consisted of 1 to 2 years of therapy, and sperm concentrations return to baseline (normal) in 12
to sixteen months after discontinuation in 95% of healthy men. Many experts have concluded that recovery of spermatogenic function occurs equally within 1 to 2 years
of the discontinuation of continual AS abuse.
Nonetheless, there appears to be a delay in spermatogenic restoration with longer period
of androgen abuse and longer-acting formulations of androgens (2,7).
Thus, some men who abuse AS for a number of years may take longer than 2 years to recover normal
spermatogenesis after discontinuation (2). Exogenous testosterone's deleterious effects
on male reproduction stem from its disruption of the above
described male HPG axis and the ensuing decreases in both serum FSH and LH [23].
Without appropriate stimulation from FSH, Sertoli cells turn into incapable of supporting spermatogenesis while sub-par levels of LH lead to decreased manufacturing of endogenous testosterone from Leydig cells.

Though serum testosterone ranges are maintained with exogenous administration,
appropriate intra-testicular levels of testosterone can only be achieved by endogenous production and are important for regular
spermatogenesis [16].
Drug use, together with the misuse of steroids, significantly impacts sperm parameters making it tougher to become pregnant.
Steroids can have a variety of results on the body, and you will want to think
about the potential dangers earlier than deciding to make use
of them. While it is possible to conceive whereas
taking steroids, there are potential dangers to each the mom
and child. Girls who're pregnant or planning to turn into pregnant ought to consult their physician earlier than taking any sort
of steroid. Sperm count and motility, which might
in the end end in decreased fertility – have always been a regarding issue for male patients who are
using or considering using oxandrolone for medical or performance-enhancing functions.

This study confirmed that intratesticular testosterone might
be reliably maintained whereas on TTh. Future research would prove that spermatogenesis itself, and
thus the male's fertility, may likewise be persevered throughout therapy.

Up thus far, three,000,000 Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users have been reported within the Usa [1, 2], and considering its increasing prevalence, AAS consumption has turn into a problem of main concern.
When mixed with a correct food regimen and an intense coaching program, anabolic
steroids are able to increase energy and muscle mass
in some people. Most unwanted facet effects are gentle and reversible just like
the alteration of the male reproductive system, mentioned on this article.

The most critical step in treating steroid-induced infertility
is to cease utilizing anabolic steroids.

References:

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�̀�ķ�鈤�ǟπ&# -- [未验证] Terese (2025-10-31 18:38:45)

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�̀�ķ�鈤�ǟπ&# -- [未验证] Paulette (2025-10-31 18:11:36)

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