何兆吉：杨一清的安边策及其历史价值 …… 长城小站:《中国长城文献资料数据库》

《杨一清的安边策及其历史价值》
　　　　　On Yang Yiqing's Policy to Pacificate Frontier and Its Historical Value
作　　者：何兆吉
　　　　　He Zhaoji 1954年生,南京理工大学文学院教授.地址:南京市孝陵卫200号,邮编 210094
出　　处：中国边疆史地研究 2006年02期
发表时间：2006-02-01
文　　摘：

明代中叶著名政治家杨一清于正德初年总制陕西三边时上奏皇帝的奏章,史称其为“安边策”.这份安边策既凝聚了当时戍边将士的心血与智慧,又体现了杨一清忠心谋国的民族精神,是难得的国防文献.本文讨论了安边策产生的时代背景,分析了它的主要内容及其落实措施,特别是对它的历史文化价值做了充分肯定,着重指出其对后世的警示作用.

参考链接：
　　· http://scholar.ilib.cn/Abstract.aspx?A=zgbjsdyj200602006
关键词：杨一清安边策历史价值
正　　文：

抱歉，本文正文部分尚未录入！

参考文献：

[1][2]参见胡凡:《论明代蒙古族进入河套与明代北部边防》,《西南师范大学学报》2002年第3期.
[1]《明史》卷327《外国八》.
[2]《明宪宗实录》,成化八年十一月己酉,“中央研究院”历史研究所1961年影印本.
[3]转引自曹永年:《蒙古民族通史》,内蒙古大学出版社2002年版,第172页.
[4]胡汝砺:《嘉靖宁夏新志》卷1《宁夏总镇》,宁夏人民出版社1982年版,第80页.
[5]《明史》卷177《年富传》.
[6]梁材:《议支灵州盐课挑挖延宁边堑疏》,《明经世文编》卷104,中华书局1962年版,第949页.
[7]杨一清:《为乞恩认罪辞免重任事》,《杨一清集》卷7,中华书局2001年版,第221页.
[8]杨一清:《为经理要害边防保固疆场事》,《杨一清集》卷7,第243页.按:凡文中加引号未注出处者,均引自“安边策”
[1]翁万达:《修筑边墙疏》,《明经世文编》卷224,第2356页.
[1]胡汝砺:《嘉靖宁夏新志》卷1《宁夏总镇》,第82页.
[2]杨一清:《为乞恩停免进贡红花以恤边兵事》,《杨一清集》卷8,第271页.
[3]杨一清:《为分布边兵预防虏患事》,《杨一清集》卷8,第283页.
[1]《杨一清集》卷9,第313页.
[2]胡汝砺:《嘉靖宁夏新志》卷3,第239页.
[3]胡汝砺:《嘉靖宁夏新志》卷3,第253页.
[1]《明史》卷198《杨一清传》.
[2]参见《杨一清集》卷7,第334页.
[3]参见姚有志、毛振发:《古长城的国防价值再评估》,《军事历史研究》2002年第3期.
[1]《承德府志》卷首1.
[2]逮钦立辑校:《匈奴歌》,《先秦汉魏晋南北朝诗》卷3《汉诗》,中华书局1983年版,第124页.
[3][4][5]《明史》卷222《王崇古传》.
[6]魏源:《武事余记》,《圣武记》卷12,中华书局1984年版,第126页.

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Whereas its use is in all probability going protected (145),
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Berberine additionally reduces LDL-cholesterol, though this
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Whereas it stays to be decided if and to What is CrossFit? extent an AAS-induced increment in blood strain will increase CVD risk, it appears prudent to discourage use when an AAS person meets the criteria for
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In distinction with the adverse impact on LDL- and HDL-cholesterol, AAS appear to exert
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Elevated Lp(a) levels are thought-about an established causal threat issue for CVD (140).

In a double-blind trial, nandrolone decanoate (200 mg weekly) for eight weeks decreased Lp(a) compared with baseline, however not compared with
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�ϕ׼�Үһȥ�İ脖߲߼ -- [未验证] Etta (2025-11-01 10:14:37)

In general, the long-term results of performance-enhancing medication have not
been studied enough. The anabolic steroids used by athletes are
often types of testosterone made in a lab. In many circumstances, the utilization of the substance can nonetheless be detected
in trace amounts of the remaining metabolites lengthy after the compound has exceeded its active life
in the body. So, whereas a steroid will no longer be providing you with any efficiency advantages, it might still
be detected in a drug test many weeks and
even months later.
Additionally, trenbolone just isn't estrogenic (failing to aromatize),
making it a dry compound and thus a very desirable slicing agent.
Trenbolone’s androgenic ranking of 500 vs. testosterone’s
a hundred demonstrates its raw energy on this regard.
Trenbolone is arguably the most powerful steroid available to bodybuilders,
causing rapid adjustments in body composition that take place within the first week of use.
Androgen receptors are current in fat cells, and thus, when stimulated, lipolysis increases (4).
Bodybuilders generally opt for the injectable form, with it being considerably cheaper and more potent than oral testosterone.
This is as a outcome of of its exceptional
muscle-building and strength-enhancing results (similar to
Anadrol), yet with slightly fewer unwanted effects. For every athlete who determined to begin using anabolic medicine, the primary course is essential.

It remains debatable whether or not physicians should
medically target unwanted effects of AAS use. Clearly,
discontinuing AAS would be the popular resolution for virtually each facet impact.
This could presumably be inspired by affected person education on the potential dangers
and addressing psychological issues that
keep AAS use, corresponding to body dysmorphia
and addiction. If the patient is nonetheless unwilling to stop, physicians could consider treatment
to reduce back harm, as is customary within the strategy and remedy of, for
instance, people who smoke and alcoholics. The dose
of illegal anabolic steroids is usually 10 to one
hundred occasions larger than the dose a doctor prescribes for medical problems.
Some adults and teenagers use illegal anabolic steroids to
lower physique fats, get bigger muscle tissue, and enhance strength.

While some girls also abuse steroids, usage is much decrease due to a much less frequent
curiosity in developing huge muscular tissues.

Many steroid abusers believe these drugs improve endurance, scale back recovery time, improve bodily efficiency,
and help them obtain their perfect physique.
Sadly, they could not fully notice the adverse results of steroid use and the danger
of habit. Clearly, the effect on muscle growth is of the best interest to steroid users.
An "overload" of anabolic steroids causes an increase within the manufacturing
of proteins, which in turn turn into constructing blocks for
model spanking new cells.
The half-life of a steroid is a really completely different idea to
detection time. Whereas the half-life does influence detection time to an extent, you can't rely on a
steroid’s half-life to estimate just how lengthy that steroid might be succesful of be detected through drug testing.
Some steroids shall be extra fat-soluble than others and
so detectable for longer durations as a end result of them remaining in the fat tissue.
Anabolic compounds are very fat-soluble compounds, that means these are substances
that are absorbed with fat after which stored in fatty tissue.

Some customers consider it’s better to go hard and high dose in your first cycle using primarily
testosterone and orals or other secondary compounds.
As A Outcome Of positive aspects will be vital on your first cycle, you would possibly as
nicely max out as a lot as possible. There’s a lot more to the testosterone hormone than simply being essential for muscle
development. That’s not going to be the principle reason you
should include testosterone in each cycle (although it can be a fantastic benefit
when you utilize the steroid in that means as well).
Dr. John Bosley Ziegler formulated Dianabol, intending to create a compound more anabolic
than testosterone however much less androgenic. Anavar is a
C-17 alpha-alkylated oral steroid; thus, it is processed by
the liver upon absorption into the bloodstream.
Alright this isn’t a Supplement, I know I’m cheating,
however cardio is free! Cardio can do everything, lower blood stress,
decrease cholesterol, enhance insulin sensitivity, scale back
irritation, and (from private experience) helps your breath better!

Great for a cutting phase (and not unhealthy for a mass
section to be honest) it’ll provide you with power and shredding results, giving you an analogous look to Winstrol.
Designed to help you construct lean muscle mass and potentially even help with fats loss, D-BAL is a real game changer to
anybody looking to stage up. Dianabol, or generally known as Dbol, is doubtless one of the most typical steroids, and
albeit one that most individuals start off with.
Very anabolic in its nature, that is undoubtedly going to give you
a massive amount of dimension positive aspects. Additionally fairly estrogenic, so perhaps make certain your food plan is really on point
when using this compound. Anabolic-androgenic steroids ought to
only be prescribed by a medical physician for clearly defined medical reasons.

Athletes who need to select a short path to better physique and performance by
using artificial testosterone analogues should
be conscious of serious antagonistic effects.
Dianabol has a low affinity to bind with the 5α-reductase enzyme, thus decreasing the conversion of testosterone into DHT (dihydrotestosterone).
Thus, androgenic effects are gentle, so our sufferers sometimes end a Dianabol cycle unscathed in relation to oily pores and
skin, zits vulgaris, and prostate enlargement. Excellent quality of steroids and ancillaries
All gear that you can purchase in our retailer have been tested and received instantly from the producer.

Testosterone enanthate or cypionate are most well-liked injectable esters because of their longer half-lives,
which means customers don’t should inject as frequently as a
fast-acting ester like propionate or suspension. Thus, male pattern baldness, zits vulgaris, and prostate points are extra likely
to develop. Testosterone is predominantly administered via intramuscular
injection; however, additionally it is available orally (known as testosterone undecanoate).
Dianabol can be liver toxic, being a C-17 alpha-alkylated steroid,
thus having to cross via the liver to have the ability to
turn out to be active.

References:

Suppl閙ents pour l'閝uilibre hormonal

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